Bibliography

Books

 * 1) Arnold, Benjamin. Count and Bishop in Medieval Germany: A Study of Regional Power. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 1992.
 * 2) —— German Knighthood, 1050-1300. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985.
 * 3) —— Medieval Germany, 500-1300: A Political Interpretation. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997.
 * 4) ——  Power and Property in Medieval Germany: Economic and Social Change, c. 900-1300. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
 * 5) —— Princes and Territories in Medieval Germany. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991.
 * 6) Anderson, Bonnie S. and Judith P. Zissner. A History of Their Own: Women in Europe from Prehistory to the Present. Vol 1. New York: Harper & Row, 1988.
 * 7) Ashdown, Charles Henry. European Arms & Armor. New York: Barnes & Noble (1995).
 * 8) Bagge, Svere. Kings, Politics, and the Right Order of the World in German Historiography c. 950-1150. Boston: Brill, 2002.
 * 9) Barraclough, Geoffrey. The Origins of Modern Germany, 3rd ed. Oxford: B. Blackwell, 1988.
 * 10) Barraclough, Geoffrey, ed & trans. Mediæval Germany, 911-1250; essays by German Historians, 2 vol. Oxford: B. Blackwell, 1938.
 * 11) Bisson, Thomas, ed. Cultures of Power: Lordship, Status, and Process in Twelfth-Century Europe. Philadelphia: University of Philadelphia Press, 1995.
 * 12) Bridenthal, Renate, Claudia Koonz, and Susan Stuard, eds. Becoming Visible: Women in European History, 2nd ed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1987.
 * 13) Cate, James Lea and Eugene N. Anderson, eds. Medieval and Historiographical Essays in Honor of James Westfall Thompson. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1938.
 * 14) Duby, Georges, ed. A History of Private Life. Vol. 2, Revelations of the Medieval World. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 1988.
 * 15) —— A History of French Civilization from the Year 1000 to the Present. Translated by James Blakely Atkinson. New York: Random House, 1964.
 * 16) Folz, Robert. The Concept of Empire in Western Europe From the Fifth to the Fourteenth Century. New York: Harper & Row, 1969.
 * 17) Freed, John B. The Counts of Falkenstein: Noble Self-Consciousness in Twelfth-Century Germany. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1984.
 * 18) —— Noble Bondsmen: Ministerial Marriages in the Archdiocese of Salzburg, 1100-1343. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1995.
 * 19) Fuhrmann, Horst. Germany in the High Middle Ages, c. 1050-1200. Translated by Timothy Reuter. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
 * 20) Gies, Frances. The Knight in History. New York: Harper & Row, 1984.
 * 21) Gies, Frances and Joseph. Life in a Medieval Village. New York: Harper & Row, 1990.
 * 22) —— Marriage and Family in the Middle Ages. New York: Harper & Row, 1987.
 * 23) Gillingham, John. The Kingdom of Germany in the High Middle Ages (900-1200). London: Historical Association, 1971.
 * 24) Graus, František, et. al. Eastern and Western Europe in the Middle Ages. Edited by Geoffrey Barraclough. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich, 1970.
 * 25) Gravett, Christopher. Elite Series 28: Medieval Siege Warfare. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 1990.
 * 26) —— Warrior 48: English Medieval Knight 1200-1300. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2002.
 * 27) Gwatkin, M. A., et. al., eds. The Cambridge Medieval History, vol. II, The Rise of the Saracens and the Foundation of the Western Empire. New York: MccMillan, 1913.
 * 28) —— The Cambridge Medieval History, vol. III, The Rise of the Saracens and the Foundation of the Western Empire. New York: MacMillan, 1922.
 * 29) Hampe, Karl. Germany Under the Salian and Hohenstaufen Emperors. Translated by Ralph Bennett. Totowa, NJ: Rowman and Littlefield, 1973.
 * 30) Hill, Boyd. Medieval Monarchy in Action: the German Empire from Henry I to Henry IV. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1972.
 * 31) Jordan, Karl. Henry the Lion: A Biography. Translated by P.S. Falla. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.
 * 32) —— Selected Studies. Locust Valley, NY: J. J. Augustin, 1965.
 * 33) Kantorowicz, Ernest Hartwig. Laudes Regiae: A Study in Liturgical Acclamations and Mediaeval Ruler Worship. Vol. 33, University of California Publications in History. Berkeley, Los Angeles: The University California Press, 1958.
 * 34) Leyser, Karl. Communications and Power in Medieval Europe: The Gregorian Revolution and Beyond. London: Hambledon Press, 1994.
 * 35) —— The Crisis of Medieval Germany. London: British Academy, 1984.
 * 36) —— Medieval Germany and its Neighbours, 900-1250. London: Hambledon Press, 1982.
 * 37) Lynch, Joseph H. Simoniacal Entry into Religious Life from 1000 to 1260. Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1976.
 * 38) Mommsen, Theodor E. Imperial Lives and Letters of the Eleventh Century. Translated by Karl F. Morrison. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.
 * 39) Morrison, Karl F. The Medieval Nobility: Studies on the Ruling Classes of France and Germany from the Sixth to the Twelfth Century. Vol. 14, Europe in the Middle Ages: Selected Studies. New York: North-Holland Publishing Company, 1978.
 * 40) Murphy, Thomas Patrick, ed. The Holy War. Columbus: University of Ohio Press, 1976.
 * 41) Owen, Francis. The Germanic People: Their Origin, Expansion, and Culture. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1990.
 * 42) Power, Eileen. Medieval People. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1963.
 * 43) Reid, William. Weapons Through the Ages. London, WI: Peerage Books, 1984.
 * 44) Reuther, Timothy, ed. Warriors and Churchmen in the High Middle Ages: Essays Presented to Karl Leyser. London: Hambeldon Press, 1992.
 * 45) Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church. Vol 5, The Middle Ages. A.D. 1049-1294.
 * 46) Sweeney, James Ross and Stanley Chodorow, eds. Popes, Teachers, and Canon Law in the Middle Ages. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989.
 * 47) Thompson, James Westfall. Feudal Germany. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1928.
 * 48) Toman, Rolf, ed. The High Middle Ages in Germany. Cologne: Benedikt Taschen, 1990.

Atlases

 * 1) Andree, Richard. Professor G. Droysens Allegemeiner Historische Handatlas. Bielefeld, Germany: Velhagen & Klasing, 1886. http://www.maproom.org/00/08/index.php.
 * 2) Putzger, F. W. F. W. Putzgers Historische Schulatlas, 29th ed. Bielefeld, Germany: Velhagen & Klasing, 1905. http://www.maproom.org/00/04/index.php.
 * 3) Spruner, Karl and Theodor Menke. Handatlas für die Geschichte des Mittelalters und die neueren Zeit, 3rd ed. Gotha, Germany: Justus Perthes, 1880. http://www.maproom.org/00/46/index.php.
 * 4) Stier, Hans Erich and Ernst Kirsten. Völker, Staaten und Kulturen: ein Kartenwerk zur Gescichte. Brunswick: Westermann, 1980. http://bwgenweb.mikepantel.com/history/maps/maps.htm.

Other Reference Works

 * 1) Eldevik, John. Reference Guide 21. Medieval Germany: Research and Resources. Washington, DC: German Historical Institute.
 * 2) Norman F. Cantor, et. al., eds. The Encyclopedia of the Middle Ages. New York: Viking (1999).
 * 3) Salmon, Paul. Literature in Medieval Germany. Vol. 1, Introductions to German Literature. New York: Barnes & Noble, 1968.
 * 4) William B. Cohen, et. al. Western Civilization: The Continuing Experiment, 3rd ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2002.

Periodical Articles & Essays

 * 1) Akerman, James R. “The Structuring of Political Territory in Early Printed Atlases.” Imago Mundi 47 (1995): 138-154.
 * 2) Arnold, Benjamin. “German Bishops and their Military Retinues in the Medieval Empire.” German History 7, no. 2 (1989): 161-183.
 * 3) Bachrach, Bernard S. "Medieval Siege Warfare: A Reconaissance." The Journal of Military History 58, no. 1 (1994): 119-133.
 * 4) Beeson, Charles H. “The Vocabulary of the Annales Fuldenses.” Speculum 1, no. 1 (1926): 31-37.
 * 5) Bouchard, Constance B. “Consanguinity and Noble Marriages in the Tenth and Eleventh Centuries.” Speculum 56, no. 2 (1981): 268-287.
 * 6) —— “The Origins of the French Nobility: A Reassessment.” The American Historical Review 86, no. 3 (1981): 501-532.
 * 7) Bowson, Charles R. “The Early Kaiserreich in Recent German Historiography.” Central European History 23, no. 4 (1990): 349-367
 * 8) Bullough, D. A. “Early Medieval Social Groupings: The Terminology of Kinship.” Past & Present 45 (1969): 3-18.
 * 9) Carlyle, Alexander J. “The Sources of Medieval Political Theory and its Connection with Medieval Politics.” The American Historical Review 19, no. 1 (1913): 1-12.
 * 10) Carter, John Marshall. "Sport, War, and the Three Orders of Feudal Society: 700-1300." Military Affairs 49, no. 3 (1985): 132-139.
 * 11) Classen, Albrecht. "New Voices in the History German Women's Literature from the Middle Ages to 1600: Problems and New Approaches." German Studies Review 23 vol. 1 (2000): 13-31.
 * 12) Constable, Giles. “The Liber Memorialis of Remiremont.” Speculum 47, no. 2 (1972): 261-277.
 * 13) Duby, Georges. “The Diffusion of Cultural Patterns in Feudal Society.” Past & Present 39 (1968): 3-10.
 * 14) France, John. “Recent Writing on Medieval Warfare. From the Fall of Rome to c. 1300.” The Journal of Military History 65, no. 2 (2001): 441-473.
 * 15) Goldberg, Eric J. “Popular Revolt, Dynastic Politics, and Aristocratic Factionalism in the Early Middle Ages: The Saxon Stellinga Reconsidered.” Speculum 70, no. 3 (1995): 467-501.
 * 16) Härke, Heinrich. "'Warrior Graves?' The Background of the Anglo-Saxon Weapon Burial Rite." Past and Present 126 (1990): 22-43.
 * 17) Hibbert, A. B.. “The Origins of the Medieval Town Patriciate.” Past & Present 3 (1953): 15-27.
 * 18) Holt, J. C. “Politics and Property in Early Medieval England.” Past & Present 57 (1972): 3-52.
 * 19) Kaminsky, Howard. “Estate, Nobility, and the Exhibition of Estate in the Later Middle Ages.” Speculum 68, no. 3 (1993): 684-709.
 * 20) Kelly, Donald R. “De Origine Feudorum: The Beginnings of an Historical Problem.” Speculum 39, no. 2 (1964): 207-228.
 * 21) Kroll, Jerome and Bradley S. Bachrach. “Medieval Dynastic Decisions: Evolutionary Biology and Historical Explanation.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 21, no. 1 (1990): 1-28.
 * 22) Lapsley, Gaillard. “Some Castle Officers in the Twelfth Century.” The English Historical Review 33, no. 131 (1918): 348-359.
 * 23) Lauer, Ernest. “The First Wall of the Rhenish Episcopal Cities.” Speculum 6, no. 1 (1931): 77-106.
 * 24) Leyser, Karl. “The German Aristocracy from the Ninth to the Early Twelfth Century. A Historical and Cultural Sketch.” Past & Present 41 (1968): 23-53.
 * 25) —— “Henry I. and the Beginnings of the Saxon Empire.” The English Historical Review 83, no. 326 (1968): 1-32.
 * 26) —— “Maternal Kin in Early Medieval Germany. A Reply.” Past & Present 49 (1970): 126-134.
 * 27) Ludat, Herbert. “The Medieval Empire and the Early Piast State.” Historical Studies: Papers Read Before the Irish Conference of Historians, Volume 6. London: Bowes & Bowes (1965).
 * 28) Luebke, David M. “Symbols, Serfdom, and Peasant Factions: A Response to Hermann Rebel.” Central European History 34, no. 3, The Peasantry in Early Modern Central Europe: The State of the Field (2001) : 357-382.
 * 29) Morrison, Karl F. “Otto of Freising’s Quest for the Hermeneutic Circle.” Speculum 55, no. 2 (1980): 207-236.
 * 30) Murray, Alexander Callander. “The Position of the Grafio in the Constitutional History of Merovingian Gaul.” Speculum 61, no. 4 (1986): 787-805.
 * 31) Nicolle, David. "Medieval Warfare: The Unfriendly Interface." The Journal of Military History 63, no. 3 (1999): 579-599.
 * 32) Reuter, Timothy. "Plunder and Tribute in the Carolingian Empire." In Transactions of the Royal Historical Society. Fifth Series. Volume 35. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985. 75-94.
 * 33) Riegg, Ernst. “Town Chronicles in the Holy Roman Empire: Legitimacy and Historical Construction.”
 * 34) Robinson, I.S. “Pope Gregory VII, The Princes and the Pactum 1077-1080.” The English Historical Review 94, no. 373 (1979): 721-756.
 * 35) Rogers, Clifford J. "The Military Revolutions of the Hundred Years' War." The Journal of Military History 57, no. 2 (1993): 241-278.
 * 36) Round, J. H. “The Staff of a Castle in the Twelfth Century.” The English Historical Review 35, no. 137 (1920): 90-97.
 * 37) —— “The Domesday 'Manor.'” The English Historical Review 15, no. 58 (1900): 293-302.
 * 38) Stephenson, Carl. “Feudalism and Its Antecedents in England.” The American Historical Review 48, no. 2 (1943): 245-265.
 * 39) —— “The Origin and Significance of Feudalism.” The American Historical Review 46, no. 4 (1941): 788-812.